Biodiversity indicators are easier to understand, communicate and act upon when they are linked together in a set that connects policies to outcomes.

Four kinds of indicators are needed to make a joined-up set:

• Responses – policies or actions to prevent or reduce biodiversity loss.

• Pressures – the threats to biodiversity that responses aim to address.

• State – the condition of biodiversity and how it is changing.

• Benefits – amount and change in benefits and services that humans derive from biodiversity.

Linking indicators of these four types together makes it clear if, and how, policy responses are making a difference.  The usefulness and practicality of this approach is demonstrated for two sectors: humid tropical forests and marine fisheries.